Food Security Challenges

Currently, the food gap is a major threat to the world in terms of sustainable resilience human development. Mankind's future capacity for self-sufficiency is less than the risk of failure due to increasing pressure on natural resources, as well as growth inequality and the negative effects of climate change. Probably, in year 2050 we have to feed about ten billion people. Along with these trends, global climate change will bring more difficulty. It is estimated that 790 million people on this globe suffers from hunger due to accessibility issues of the food. The UN Food and Agriculture Organization (later FAO) is striving hard to decrease this gap by ensuring availability of the food to the masses. Although slow improvement in the situation is evident in food supply during the last three decades but lot more efforts are required for reducing the global famine condition and increasing the food production.

FAO Definition of Food Security.

“Food security exists when all people, at all times, have physical and economic access to sufficient, safe and nutritious food that meets their dietary needs and food preferences for an active and. healthy life”. ( World Food Summit, 1996). FAO is striving hard for Zero Hunger (SDG Goal #2). (FAO. 2020)

In developing countries, the future of global food security is “in jeopardy” because of many issues. Only food-resistant systems can use sensible land, water and other resources, to reduce fossil fuel consumption. This in turn will lead to a reduction in greenhouse gases, as a result of which, the business of agriculture, biodiversity conservation and reduced emissions will be reduced. This will require investment in agribusiness, scientific research and innovation, as well as the search for more effective ways to combat water scarcity and climate change. The goal of eradicating hunger by 2030 will not be achieved without further efforts. Expanding the rights and opportunities of smallholder farmers, as well as providing them with broad access to information, markets and technologies is key to guaranteeing future food security. Along with product growth and increased resistance, building a food supply network will be equally important. They will allow farmers in low- and middle-income countries to gain access to city markets; as well as measures to ensure consumer access to nutritious and safe food at affordable prices, such as policy in the pricing sector and the social safety net system.

Globalization has a huge impact on the competitive environment of goods markets. First of all this is about the food market, because countries and regions in the world is highly fragmented in terms of environmental and economic productivity the conditions of food products, as well as the quality and composition of the needs of their customers. Accordingly, it makes sense to pay attention to such a field of international trade as a food market. The countries producing in surplus may ship the extra foods to under developed countries where the the food is available in scarce amounts.